How to Cite Quantinuum Systems¶
Third-Party Citations in Academic Papers¶
Quantinuum produces and provides access to trapped ion quantum computers. This document provides guidelines on how to cite use of Quantinuum Systems for third-party academic papers. If you would like to reference Quantinuum hardware in another context, such as a press release, please contact Quantinuum at press@quantinuum.com.
Generational Models¶
System Model H2¶
A quantum computing model is a generation of Quantinuum hardware using a specific ion-trap geometry. To refer to the model of a Quantinuum quantum computer, state Quantinuum System Model HX where X designates the specific geometry of the ion trap. Note that the name follows Title Case.
Example: Quantinuum System Model H1 is a generation of quantum computers with a single linear geometry.
Quantinuum Helios¶
A quantum computing model is a generation of Quantinuum hardware using a specific ion-trap geometry. To refer to models (after H2), state Quantinuum <MODEL> where
Example: Quantinuum Helios is a generation of quantum computers with a tuning fork shape.
Machines¶
System Model H2¶
Individual Quantinuum machines are designated by the HX-Y nomenclature where X is the quantum computer’s model and Y is the specific device.
Example: The Quantinuum H2-1 and H2-2 quantum computers are two quantum computers using the System Model H2 design.
Quantinuum Helios¶
With Helios and beyond, Quantinuum machines are designated by <MODEL>-Y, where <MODEL> designates the quantum computer’s model and Y is the specific device.
Example: The Quantinuum Helios-1 quantum computer is a quantum computers using the Quantinuum Helios design.
Emulators¶
System Model H2¶
Quantinuum emulators model individual Quantinuum machines. For example, the H2-1 emulator emulates the H2-1 machine. To reference use of an emulator, state HX-Y emulator for the specific emulator used.
Example: This experiment used the Quantinuum H2-1 emulator.
Quantinuum Helios¶
To reference use of an emulator, state <MODEL>-Y emulator for the specific emulator used.
Example: This experiment used the Quantinuum Helios-1 emulator.
Research Papers¶
All research papers running experiments on Quantinuum quantum computers should cite the specific device and dates of the experiment. For example:
Quantinuum H2-1. https://www.quantinuum.com/, June 20-22, 2025.
If experiments were run on more than one individual machine, note this as follows:
Quantinuum Helios-1, H2-2. https://www.quantinuum.com/, June 20-July 15, 2025.